All-optical closed-loop control of human cardiomyocyte networks exploiting holographic optogenetics
Authors Wendland R, Schmieder F, Sikandar MA, Knüppel FP, Zimmermann WH, Bergmann O, Büttner L, Czarske J Journal Communications Engineering Citation Commun Eng. 2026 Sep 17;5(1):159. Abstract Heart diseases can trigger life-threatening arrhythmias by disrupting cardiac contraction wavefront propagation. In contrast to conventional treatments like electrical pacemakers, optogenetics offers high
